diff --git a/programs/pkey/pk_encrypt.c b/programs/pkey/pk_encrypt.c
index 7ca9d5ad9..b4b7107dd 100644
--- a/programs/pkey/pk_encrypt.c
+++ b/programs/pkey/pk_encrypt.c
@@ -29,9 +29,12 @@
 #include "mbedtls/platform.h"
 #else
 #include <stdio.h>
-#define mbedtls_fprintf    fprintf
-#define mbedtls_printf     printf
-#endif
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#define mbedtls_fprintf         fprintf
+#define mbedtls_printf          printf
+#define MBEDTLS_EXTI_SUCCESS    EXIT_SUCCESS
+#define MBEDTLS_EXIT_FAILURE    EXIT_FAILURE
+#endif /* MBEDTLS_PLATFORM_C */
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_BIGNUM_C) && defined(MBEDTLS_PK_PARSE_C) && \
     defined(MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_C) && defined(MBEDTLS_FS_IO) && \
@@ -59,7 +62,8 @@ int main( void )
 int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
 {
     FILE *f;
-    int ret;
+    int ret = 1;
+    int exit_code = MBEDTLS_EXIT_FAILURE;
     size_t i, olen = 0;
     mbedtls_pk_context pk;
     mbedtls_entropy_context entropy;
@@ -68,7 +72,6 @@ int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
     unsigned char buf[512];
     const char *pers = "mbedtls_pk_encrypt";
 
-    ret = 1;
     mbedtls_ctr_drbg_init( &ctr_drbg );
 
     if( argc != 3 )
@@ -132,7 +135,6 @@ int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
      */
     if( ( f = fopen( "result-enc.txt", "wb+" ) ) == NULL )
     {
-        ret = 1;
         mbedtls_printf( " failed\n  ! Could not create %s\n\n", "result-enc.txt" );
         goto exit;
     }
@@ -145,12 +147,14 @@ int main( int argc, char *argv[] )
 
     mbedtls_printf( "\n  . Done (created \"%s\")\n\n", "result-enc.txt" );
 
+    exit_code = MBEDTLS_EXIT_SUCCESS;
+
 exit:
     mbedtls_ctr_drbg_free( &ctr_drbg );
     mbedtls_entropy_free( &entropy );
 
 #if defined(MBEDTLS_ERROR_C)
-    if( ret != 0 )
+    if( exit_code != MBEDTLS_EXIT_SUCCESS )
     {
         mbedtls_strerror( ret, (char *) buf, sizeof(buf) );
         mbedtls_printf( "  !  Last error was: %s\n", buf );
@@ -162,7 +166,7 @@ exit:
     fflush( stdout ); getchar();
 #endif
 
-    return( ret );
+    return( exit_code );
 }
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_BIGNUM_C && MBEDTLS_PK_PARSE_C && MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_C &&
           MBEDTLS_FS_IO && MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_C */